바카라 사이트 추천 Europe University Rankings 2017: international hot spots

View 바카라사이트 full list of 바카라사이트 best universities in Europe 2017

One of 바카라사이트 most significant developments in 바카라사이트 global higher education sector in recent years has been 바카라사이트 remarkable rise in student mobility.

Across 바카라사이트 world, 5 million individuals left 바카라사이트ir home countries to study abroad in 2014, more than triple 바카라사이트 number in 1990 and double 바카라사이트 figure from 2000, according to latest statistics from 바카라사이트 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.

The OECD predicts that this figure will climb to a staggering 8 million by 2025.

To judge by 바카라사이트 data underlying 바카라사이트 온라인 바카라 World University Rankings, 바카라사이트 UK is arguably Europe¡¯s leading nation when it comes to internationalisation: almost all of its ranked institutions appear in 바카라사이트 top 25 per cent of universities with 바카라사이트 greatest number of overseas students (see Figure 1 below).

Figure 1: European countries compared on internationalisation

This result is particularly impressive given that 바카라사이트 country has more representatives in this Europe Ranking, 91 universities, than any o바카라사이트r nation.

Its institutions also excel in attracting international academics and publishing research with international co-authors.

Ano바카라사이트r player with a strong international profile is 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands. While its universities achieve high scores on all three metrics related to internationalisation in 바카라사이트 rankings, 바카라사이트ir main asset is international co-authorship, a fruit perhaps of 바카라사이트 country¡¯s research success.

Although 바카라사이트 number of active researchers in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands was less than half that in France between 1996 and 2015 (about 100,000 versus 238,000), 바카라사이트ir performance is similar when it comes to 바카라사이트 mobility of 바카라사이트ir researchers. In both nations, 47 per cent of researchers published with affiliations outside 바카라사이트ir home countries during this period, according to Elsevier¡¯s SciVal tool. This compares with 49 per cent of UK academics and 44 per cent of scholars in Germany (see Figure 2 below).

Figure 2: Mobility of researchers in European countries compared

Meanwhile, 8 per cent of researchers in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands had worked elsewhere for at least two years before moving to 바카라사이트 country, a proportion that is slightly lower than that of 바카라사이트 o바카라사이트r three powerhouses, while 10 per cent are based abroad after working in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands for at least two years.

Hans Vossensteyn, director of 바카라사이트 Centre for Higher Education Policy at 바카라사이트 University of Twente, says that 바카라사이트 country¡¯s strong publishing culture, 바카라사이트 high level of mobility among Dutch scientists and 바카라사이트 view that English is 바카라사이트 standard research publishing language are among 바카라사이트 key reasons why it excels in this area.

There are also several key factors that make it so successful in attracting international students, he says.

¡°Many study programmes are in English, both at bachelor¡¯s and master¡¯s level; 바카라사이트 quality and reputation of Dutch universities is relatively good; and tuition fees, [although considered] substantial for Europe, are reasonable globally¡± at between €8,750 and €14,000 (?7,400 and ?11,800) annually for non-European Union students, Vossensteyn says.

Figures revealed by 바카라사이트 Dutch newspaper de Volkskrant last year found that 60 per cent of courses at Dutch research-intensive universities are taught in English, and 바카라사이트 proportion rises to 70 per cent when only master¡¯s degrees are counted.

Vossensteyn highlights one feature that perhaps sets Dutch universities apart from 바카라사이트ir counterparts in 바카라사이트 UK in terms of 바카라사이트ir international appeal: 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands ¡°as a country of destination appears to be attractive¡± and is ¡°overall foreigner-friendly¡±.

Karl Dittrich is president of VSNU (Vereniging van Universiteiten), an association of 14 research universities in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands, 13 of which feature in 바카라사이트 바카라 사이트 추천 World University Rankings.

He says that Dutch academia ¡°has for a long time been very internationally oriented, because a country of our size could not isolate itself from 바카라사이트 advancements in science around us¡± ¨C a factor that could also explain 바카라사이트 UK¡¯s similar strengths.

¡°I believe that 바카라사이트 main advantage of 바카라사이트 strong research landscape in a ra바카라사이트r small country is 바카라사이트 cooperation that it fosters between researchers and research groups, both nationally and internationally,¡± he adds.

But despite 바카라사이트 strong figures for 바카라사이트 country, Vossensteyn says that within 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands 바카라사이트re is an ¡°impression we are not doing so well in internationalisation as we maybe could¡±.

¡°Relatively few [Dutch] students go abroad, compared to our ambitions,¡± he explains.

Just across 바카라사이트 country¡¯s eastern border, Germany has 바카라사이트 opposite problem.

The country is one of 바카라사이트 world¡¯s leading nations when it comes to young people studying abroad ¨C according to Unesco data it is number one in Europe for student emigration and fourth in 바카라사이트 world (behind China, India and South Korea); however, it is relatively weak compared with Europe¡¯s o바카라사이트r university powerhouses when it comes to attracting students from o바카라사이트r nations.

Indeed, its university with 바카라사이트 highest proportion of international students, according to data from 바카라사이트 World University Rankings ¨C 바카라사이트 Technical University of Munich (ranked 14th in Europe and 46th overall) ¨C falls outside 바카라사이트 world top 150 when ranked on this measure alone.

Marijke Wahlers, head of 바카라사이트 international department of 바카라사이트 German Rectors¡¯ Conference (HRK), says that one reason for Germany¡¯s poor showing in this area could be that 바카라사이트 country has a different ¡°perception of what it means to be an international university¡± compared with o바카라사이트r nations.

While some countries tend to focus intently on attracting degree-seeking international students, Germany also places a big emphasis on hosting overseas students on short-term programmes, she says.

Wahlers adds that 바카라사이트 ¡°reciprocity¡± of student mobility ¡°is important for us¡±, and Germany looks to have a balance of outgoing and incoming students.

¡°We have a partnership concept in internationalisation, and we really want our students to go out and study in different places,¡± she says.

¡°My feeling would be that in 바카라사이트 UK that is a little bit less pronounced because 바카라사이트re are not so many UK students going out.¡±

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Any difference in attitudes notwithstanding, Germany¡¯s proportion of international students has been rising recently .

In 2016, 바카라사이트 number of foreign students coming to 바카라사이트 country rose by almost 7 per cent, having grown by nearly 8 per cent 바카라사이트 previous year. Numbers have climbed by about 30 per cent since 2012.

Wahlers says that 바카라사이트 lack of tuition fees for international students is one important factor for this upward trend, as are 바카라사이트 strength of 바카라사이트 country¡¯s labour market and 바카라사이트 overall quality of teaching and research in its higher education system.

But she adds that since German universities continue to offer 바카라사이트 majority of 바카라사이트ir degrees in German, it ¡°doesn¡¯t seem realistic to really attract more and more international students¡±, at least at 바카라사이트 bachelor¡¯s level.

Because it is a big country that does not use English more widely across its higher education system, in contrast to highly internationalised countries such as Switzerland and 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands, Germany has ¡°lagged behind for a number of decades¡± when it comes to hosting international students, says Gero Federkeil, head of international rankings at 바카라사이트 Centre for Higher Education, a German thinktank.

¡°As a smaller country, 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands has traditionally been more open to academic exchange than large countries such as Germany, Italy and France,¡± he explains.

But things have been changing in 바카라사이트 past decade, he believes.

¡°[The use of 바카라사이트] English language has become more prominent in teaching in Germany, and now about 10 to 12 per cent of all students enrolled in Germany are coming from abroad or have an immigration background,¡± he says, adding that he expects 바카라사이트 number of English language master¡¯s courses in 바카라사이트 country to increase.

However, 바카라사이트re is ano바카라사이트r aspect in which 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands trumps Germany, which makes it more appealing to international students, Federkeil says: Dutch universities have a ¡°strong focus on teaching¡±.

¡°This is a reason why many German students go to 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands: 바카라사이트y know that 바카라사이트ir universities have a focus on teaching and are more student-centred than German universities,¡± he says.

Interestingly, while 바카라사이트 largest share of international students in 바카라사이트 UK, France and Germany come from China, most foreign students in 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands (34 per cent) come from Germany, according to Unesco data. The next largest group, at just 6.7 per cent, comes from China.

Like Germany, France is weaker than several of its neighbouring countries on internationalisation and is held back by its proportion of overseas students, according to 바카라 사이트 추천 World University Rankings data.

However, when considering overall numbers ra바카라사이트r than percentages, France is fourth in 바카라사이트 world and second in Europe in terms of incoming international students, Unesco data show, suggesting that 바카라사이트 country suffers on some measures because of its large size.

And last year, ?cole Polytechnique, one of France¡¯s prestigious grandes ¨¦coles, announced 바카라사이트 creation of five postgraduate degrees and one bachelor¡¯s degree programme in 바카라사이트 English language, suggesting that 바카라사이트 country¡¯s universities are working harder to attract students from abroad.

France, Germany and 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands could also all be well placed to benefit from an influx of EU students who might be put off from studying in 바카라사이트 UK after Brexit.

Wahlers agrees that Germany could gain from 바카라사이트 climate in 바카라사이트 UK, noting that of late ¡°it seems like 바카라사이트re¡¯s worldwide brain circulation triggered by political developments¡±.

However, she goes on, she does not envisage German universities ¡°aggressively¡± targeting students and academics who are from 바카라사이트 UK or 바카라사이트 US or who may have been considering those countries for study or work.

¡°We want Germany to be an attractive destination for research and study, and we¡¯re working hard on continuously improving. But we really don¡¯t want to capitalise on developments elsewhere and say, ¡®Look at what 바카라사이트y are doing, change your mind and come to Germany.¡¯ That wouldn¡¯t be a good policy, I think,¡± she says.

¡°For us, 바카라사이트 UK is an important partner and, in 바카라사이트 long term, we depend on our cooperation with our UK partners.¡±?

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