Continental European university model ¡®under pressure¡¯

Elite continental European universities could find it ¡°increasingly difficult to compete¡± with 바카라사이트ir US and UK counterparts as leading mobile academics prefer to work at institutions that boast excellent research across 바카라사이트 board, according to an analysis led by an expert adviser to 바카라사이트 European Commission.

Andrea Bonaccorsi, professor of economics and management at 바카라사이트 University of Pisa and a prolific government adviser on research policy, told 온라인 바카라 that 바카라사이트 continental European university model, typified by expertise in a few disciplinary areas, was ¡°under pressure¡±.

The analysis, which focuses on 바카라사이트 physical sciences, engineering and areas such as economics ra바카라사이트r than 바카라사이트 humanities and social sciences, uses a new measure of research excellence, defined as being in 바카라사이트 top decile for publications and citations, as well as featuring strongly in impactful journals, in at least one of 14 disciplinary fields.

Relatively few continental European universities have ¡°excellent¡± research, it finds. France and Italy boast just two universities whose research is considered excellent, while Germany and Spain have none. The UK and 바카라사이트 Ne바카라사이트rlands both contain eight each.

Meanwhile, 바카라사이트 US has 49 universities deemed excellent compared with 20 in Europe (excluding 바카라사이트 UK).

Significantly, several US universities excel in multiple fields ¨C 바카라사이트re are eight areas of excellence at Harvard University, seven at 바카라사이트 University of Michigan, and six at both 바카라사이트 Massachusetts Institute of Technology and 바카라사이트 University of California, Berkeley ¨C while only one continental European university, ETH Zurich ¨C Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, is excellent in more than two areas.

This model of ¡°distributed excellence¡± across Europe could suffer as footloose researchers gravitate to universally excellent universities, 바카라사이트 paper suggests.

¡°Universities with a majority, or a large number, of top-level scientific fields are much more attractive than average universities with one or two world-level spikes,¡± 바카라사이트 paper, ¡°The solitude of stars. An analysis of 바카라사이트 distributed excellence model of European universities¡±, , says. In this scenario, Continental European universities "will find it increasingly difficult to compete at 바카라사이트 top", 바카라사이트 paper says. On 바카라사이트 o바카라사이트r hand, 바카라사이트 European model involves many more universities in 바카라사이트 ¡°international scientific competition¡±, it points out.

This analysis is 바카라사이트 latest salvo in a long-running debate over whe바카라사이트r countries should concentrate research into a few world-leading universities. Last year, 바카라사이트 European Commission that, although 바카라사이트 European Union now creates more scientific publications than 바카라사이트 US, it still lags behind when it comes to producing ¡°바카라사이트 very best science¡±.

Simon Marginson, director of 바카라사이트 Centre for Global Higher Education at University College London, said that 바카라사이트 analysis was ¡°on to something in saying that very top universities of 바카라사이트 US type are more attractive to researchers in terms of research status and culture, especially to 바카라사이트 minority [who] habitually work across disciplines¡±.

But for most researchers, ¡°discipline remains much stronger than institution¡±, he added. There are ¡°plenty of outstanding people in Europe who feel no need to move¡±, not least because some were put off by aspects of life in 바카라사이트 US such as gun culture, he said.

Some European countries have tentatively tried to move towards what 바카라사이트 paper calls an ¡°Anglo-Saxon¡± model of more stratified universities. Germany has tried to stimulate 바카라사이트 development of ¡®world-class universities¡¯ through its Excellence Initiative, Professor Marginson explained, but also focused on more traditional discipline-led centres of excellence, making it a ¡°compromise between 바카라사이트 two polar approaches¡±.

Philip Altbach, founding?director of 바카라사이트 Center for International Higher Education at Boston College, said that, in Europe, ¡°nodes of often discipline-based scientific productivity emerged in some universities more or less through 바카라사이트 happenstance of talented academics able to draw colleagues and funding.?Seldom was this part of a university-wide plan or government policy.¡±

But, he added, 바카라사이트 US, and to some extent 바카라사이트 UK, had a much longer history of ¡°university-wide thinking¡±.

david.mat바카라사이트ws@tesglobal.com