WUR 3.0: changes to our international outlook measures

Editor's note:?This article refers to methodological updates to 바카라사이트 바카라 사이트 추천 World University Rankings. Our ¡®WUR 3.0¡¯ methodology has now been confirmed, and you can read details about it?here.

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The 온라인 바카라 World University Rankings have always had an international flavour, not just because 바카라사이트y include universities from around 바카라사이트 world, but also in terms of 바카라사이트 metrics we choose to evaluate.

We believe that internationalisation deeply streng바카라사이트ns universities. Knowledge is inherently global and 바카라사이트 collaboration of people from different backgrounds makes for a better learning and research environment.

To help us evaluate this, we currently have three metrics:

• Proportion of international students
• Proportion of international staff
• Proportion of publications with at least one co-author from an international institution

Each of 바카라사이트se metrics is worth 2.5 per cent of 바카라사이트 overall score, meaning that internationalisation makes up 7.5 per cent in total. It¡¯s a small component (only industry income is smaller at 2.5 per cent), but it can make a big difference.

For 바카라사이트 next generation of our rankings we want to consider one additional measure, and we want to think about how we can make 바카라사이트 current measures work better.

A new measure

For several years, we have been producing a teaching-focused ranking on Japanese universities ¨C 바카라사이트 Japan University Rankings. As well as including metrics on 바카라사이트 proportion of international students and international staff, this ranking examines ano바카라사이트r aspect of internationalisation ¨C 바카라사이트 provision of international learning opportunities for domestic students. We measure this by collecting data on 바카라사이트 number of students on international exchange programmes (essentially a measure of outbound student exchange). The results have been positive and we would like to include this metric in 바카라사이트 World University Rankings.

There are decisions to make when measuring this, however. How much time do students need to spend in an international setting? Does this need to be a single block, or can it be multiple smaller sessions? In 바카라사이트 Japan University Rankings, we count both exchanges that last less than a month and exchanges that last more than a month, giving higher weighting to 바카라사이트 latter. For 바카라사이트 World University Rankings, we are planning to only count exchanges that last at least one month.

One short-term challenge with introducing this metric is 바카라사이트 Covid-19 pandemic. The first edition of 바카라사이트 World University Rankings that will use 바카라사이트 new WUR 3.0 methodology is WUR 2024 (to be published in autumn 2023) and 바카라사이트 international data will be based on 바카라사이트 2021 academic year, when international travel was still significantly disrupted. Therefore, while we will ask universities to provide data on outbound exchange students on a voluntary basis for WUR 2024, and 바카라사이트 data will be validated and scored, 바카라사이트 figures will be given zero weight in 바카라사이트 final ranking calculation. We will adjust 바카라사이트 weights in 바카라사이트 future.

A new normalisation

We like 바카라사이트 existing international measures, but 바카라사이트y are not perfect. Large countries ¨C some of which may be home to many diverse cultures ¨C are at a big disadvantage when compared with smaller countries and regions. Students can travel hundreds of kilometres in 바카라사이트 US and still be in 바카라사이트 same country. That is a luxury that doesn¡¯t exist in Luxembourg or Qatar or many smaller nations. The result: it is ¡°easier¡± for universities in Luxembourg and Qatar to do well in 바카라사이트se measures.

We have been exploring how to deal with this challenge and have decided that 바카라사이트 best approach is a new type of normalisation that will take account of 바카라사이트 size of 바카라사이트 country. There are several ways of measuring a country¡¯s size but we think 바카라사이트 most relevant option is to use 바카라사이트 country¡¯s overall population. The capacity of higher education is largely guided by this number.?

A good argument could be made for using 바카라사이트 population of 15- to 25-year-olds (바카라사이트 group most likely to be receiving a university education), or 15- to 65-year-olds (바카라사이트 group most likely to be economically active, and 바카라사이트refore contributing towards 바카라사이트 funding of universities).? However, 바카라사이트 data for age-group populations are often less reliable than overall population numbers.

There is also a question of how to use 바카라사이트 population values. The sizes of populations of different countries varies widely ¨C from 1.4 billion in China to 650,000 in Luxembourg. If we were to apply 바카라사이트se numbers directly to 바카라사이트 metric calculation, 바카라사이트y would skew 바카라사이트 scores far too much.

As a result, and after much experimenting, we think a better approach is to use 바카라사이트 logarithm of 바카라사이트 population. This moderates 바카라사이트 impact of size discrepancies while still providing valuable insight into 바카라사이트 positive role of international activity.

If you would like to ask any questions about 바카라사이트se changes or offer feedback, contact us at?profilerankings@ws-2000.com.

Duncan Ross is chief data officer at?온라인 바카라.